See चतुर on Wiktionary
Download JSON data for चतुर meaning in All languages combined (28.2kB)
{ "derived": [ { "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0", "roman": "caturāī", "word": "चतुराई" } ], "etymology_templates": [ { "args": { "1": "hi", "2": "sa", "3": "चतुर" }, "expansion": "Borrowed from Sanskrit चतुर (catura)", "name": "bor+" } ], "etymology_text": "Borrowed from Sanskrit चतुर (catura).", "forms": [ { "form": "catur", "tags": [ "romanization" ] } ], "head_templates": [ { "args": { "ind": "1" }, "expansion": "चतुर • (catur) (indeclinable)", "name": "hi-adj" } ], "lang": "Hindi", "lang_code": "hi", "pos": "adj", "senses": [ { "glosses": [ "smart" ], "id": "en-चतुर-hi-adj-VE4tYUX2", "links": [ [ "smart", "smart" ] ], "tags": [ "indeclinable" ] }, { "glosses": [ "shrewd, intelligent" ], "id": "en-चतुर-hi-adj-izWa2k1k", "links": [ [ "shrewd", "shrewd" ], [ "intelligent", "intelligent" ] ], "tags": [ "indeclinable" ] }, { "categories": [ { "_dis": "2 5 40 8 36 9", "kind": "other", "name": "Hindi entries with incorrect language header", "parents": [ "Entries with incorrect language header", "Entry maintenance" ], "source": "w+disamb" } ], "glosses": [ "clever, astute, sensible" ], "id": "en-चतुर-hi-adj-sKFlYBDp", "links": [ [ "clever", "clever" ], [ "astute", "astute" ], [ "sensible", "sensible" ] ], "tags": [ "indeclinable" ] }, { "glosses": [ "ingenious, skilled, capable" ], "id": "en-चतुर-hi-adj-geYQutYg", "links": [ [ "ingenious", "ingenious" ], [ "skilled", "skilled" ], [ "capable", "capable" ] ], "tags": [ "indeclinable" ] }, { "categories": [ { "_dis": "2 5 40 8 36 9", "kind": "other", "name": "Hindi entries with incorrect language header", "parents": [ "Entries with incorrect language header", "Entry maintenance" ], "source": "w+disamb" } ], "glosses": [ "dexterous, nimble" ], "id": "en-चतुर-hi-adj-eZQdoaHt", "links": [ [ "dexterous", "dexterous" ], [ "nimble", "nimble" ] ], "tags": [ "indeclinable" ] }, { "glosses": [ "clear-sighted" ], "id": "en-चतुर-hi-adj-PrL7cYx0", "links": [ [ "clear-sighted", "clear-sighted" ] ], "tags": [ "indeclinable" ] } ], "sounds": [ { "ipa": "/t͡ʃə.t̪ʊɾ/", "tags": [ "Delhi" ] }, { "ipa": "[t͡ʃɐ.t̪ʊɾ]", "tags": [ "Delhi" ] } ], "word": "चतुर" } { "etymology_templates": [ { "args": { "1": "sa", "2": "dra" }, "expansion": "Dravidian", "name": "bor" }, { "args": { "1": "ta", "2": "சதுர்", "t": "ability, skill, dexterity" }, "expansion": "Tamil சதுர் (catur, “ability, skill, dexterity”)", "name": "cog" }, { "args": { "1": "te", "2": "చదువు", "t": "to read, study" }, "expansion": "Telugu చదువు (caduvu, “to read, study”)", "name": "cog" } ], "etymology_text": "Of unclear origin.\nTraditionally derived from चतुर् (catur, “four”), with an interpretation of \"having the four\"; the four in question are folk-etymologically interpreted as the Vedas.\nAn alternative theory considers the word a Dravidian borrowing; compare Tamil சதுர் (catur, “ability, skill, dexterity”) and Telugu చదువు (caduvu, “to read, study”). In light of the exact phonetic and semantic match as well as the word's lack of attestation in Vedic, this derivation is quite likely. However, it is also possible that the Dravidian terms are borrowed from Indo-Aryan rather than the other way around.\nThe relation to words like चटुल (caṭula, “trembling, unsteady, fine”), चटु (caṭu, “kind or flattering words”), and चाटु (cāṭu, “pleasing words, flattery”) is unclear and uncertain.", "forms": [ { "form": "catura", "tags": [ "romanization" ] }, { "form": "no-table-tags", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "table-tags" ] }, { "form": "sa-decl-adj-mfn", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "inflection-template" ] }, { "form": "a-stem", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "class" ] }, { "form": "चतुरः", "roman": "caturaḥ", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "nominative", "singular" ] }, { "form": "चतुरौ", "roman": "caturau", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "dual", "nominative" ] }, { "form": "चतुरा1", "roman": "caturā1", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "dual", "nominative" ] }, { "form": "चतुराः", "roman": "caturāḥ", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "nominative", "plural" ] }, { "form": "चतुरासः1", "roman": "caturāsaḥ1", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "nominative", "plural" ] }, { "form": "चतुर", "roman": "catura", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "singular", "vocative" ] }, { "form": "चतुरौ", "roman": "caturau", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "dual", "vocative" ] }, { "form": "चतुरा1", "roman": "caturā1", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "dual", "vocative" ] }, { "form": "चतुराः", "roman": "caturāḥ", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "plural", "vocative" ] }, { "form": "चतुरासः1", "roman": "caturāsaḥ1", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "plural", "vocative" ] }, { "form": "चतुरम्", "roman": "caturam", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "accusative", "singular" ] }, { "form": "चतुरौ", "roman": "caturau", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "accusative", "dual" ] }, { "form": "चतुरा1", "roman": "caturā1", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "accusative", "dual" ] }, { "form": "चतुरान्", "roman": "caturān", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "accusative", "plural" ] }, { "form": "चतुरेण", "roman": "catureṇa", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "instrumental", "singular" ] }, { "form": "चतुराभ्याम्", "roman": "caturābhyām", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "dual", "instrumental" ] }, { "form": "चतुरैः", "roman": "caturaiḥ", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "instrumental", "plural" ] }, { "form": "चतुरेभिः1", "roman": "caturebhiḥ1", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "instrumental", "plural" ] }, { "form": "चतुराय", "roman": "caturāya", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "dative", "singular" ] }, { "form": "चतुराभ्याम्", "roman": "caturābhyām", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "dative", "dual" ] }, { "form": "चतुरेभ्यः", "roman": "caturebhyaḥ", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "dative", "plural" ] }, { "form": "चतुरात्", "roman": "caturāt", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "ablative", "singular" ] }, { "form": "चतुराभ्याम्", "roman": "caturābhyām", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "ablative", "dual" ] }, { "form": "चतुरेभ्यः", "roman": "caturebhyaḥ", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "ablative", "plural" ] }, { "form": "चतुरस्य", "roman": "caturasya", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "genitive", "singular" ] }, { "form": "चतुरयोः", "roman": "caturayoḥ", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "dual", "genitive" ] }, { "form": "चतुराणाम्", "roman": "caturāṇām", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "genitive", "plural" ] }, { "form": "चतुरे", "roman": "cature", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "locative", "singular" ] }, { "form": "चतुरयोः", "roman": "caturayoḥ", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "dual", "locative" ] }, { "form": "चतुरेषु", "roman": "catureṣu", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "locative", "plural" ] }, { "form": "no-table-tags", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "table-tags" ] }, { "form": "sa-decl-adj-mfn", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "inflection-template" ] }, { "form": "ā-stem", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "class" ] }, { "form": "चतुरा", "roman": "caturā", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "nominative", "singular" ] }, { "form": "चतुरे", "roman": "cature", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "dual", "nominative" ] }, { "form": "चतुराः", "roman": "caturāḥ", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "nominative", "plural" ] }, { "form": "चतुरे", "roman": "cature", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "singular", "vocative" ] }, { "form": "चतुरे", "roman": "cature", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "dual", "vocative" ] }, { "form": "चतुराः", "roman": "caturāḥ", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "plural", "vocative" ] }, { "form": "चतुराम्", "roman": "caturām", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "accusative", "singular" ] }, { "form": "चतुरे", "roman": "cature", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "accusative", "dual" ] }, { "form": "चतुराः", "roman": "caturāḥ", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "accusative", "plural" ] }, { "form": "चतुरया", "roman": "caturayā", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "instrumental", "singular" ] }, { "form": "चतुरा1", "roman": "caturā1", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "instrumental", "singular" ] }, { "form": "चतुराभ्याम्", "roman": "caturābhyām", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "dual", "instrumental" ] }, { "form": "चतुराभिः", "roman": "caturābhiḥ", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "instrumental", "plural" ] }, { "form": "चतुरायै", "roman": "caturāyai", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "dative", "singular" ] }, { "form": "चतुराभ्याम्", "roman": "caturābhyām", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "dative", "dual" ] }, { "form": "चतुराभ्यः", "roman": "caturābhyaḥ", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "dative", "plural" ] }, { "form": "चतुरायाः", "roman": "caturāyāḥ", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "ablative", "singular" ] }, { "form": "चतुरायै2", "roman": "caturāyai2", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "ablative", "singular" ] }, { "form": "चतुराभ्याम्", "roman": "caturābhyām", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "ablative", "dual" ] }, { "form": "चतुराभ्यः", "roman": "caturābhyaḥ", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "ablative", "plural" ] }, { "form": "चतुरायाः", "roman": "caturāyāḥ", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "genitive", "singular" ] }, { "form": "चतुरायै2", "roman": "caturāyai2", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "genitive", "singular" ] }, { "form": "चतुरयोः", "roman": "caturayoḥ", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "dual", "genitive" ] }, { "form": "चतुराणाम्", "roman": "caturāṇām", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "genitive", "plural" ] }, { "form": "चतुरायाम्", "roman": "caturāyām", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "locative", "singular" ] }, { "form": "चतुरयोः", "roman": "caturayoḥ", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "dual", "locative" ] }, { "form": "चतुरासु", "roman": "caturāsu", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "locative", "plural" ] }, { "form": "no-table-tags", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "table-tags" ] }, { "form": "sa-decl-adj-mfn", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "inflection-template" ] }, { "form": "a-stem", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "class" ] }, { "form": "चतुरम्", "roman": "caturam", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "nominative", "singular" ] }, { "form": "चतुरे", "roman": "cature", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "dual", "nominative" ] }, { "form": "चतुराणि", "roman": "caturāṇi", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "nominative", "plural" ] }, { "form": "चतुरा1", "roman": "caturā1", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "nominative", "plural" ] }, { "form": "चतुर", "roman": "catura", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "singular", "vocative" ] }, { "form": "चतुरे", "roman": "cature", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "dual", "vocative" ] }, { "form": "चतुराणि", "roman": "caturāṇi", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "plural", "vocative" ] }, { "form": "चतुरा1", "roman": "caturā1", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "plural", "vocative" ] }, { "form": "चतुरम्", "roman": "caturam", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "accusative", "singular" ] }, { "form": "चतुरे", "roman": "cature", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "accusative", "dual" ] }, { "form": "चतुराणि", "roman": "caturāṇi", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "accusative", "plural" ] }, { "form": "चतुरा1", "roman": "caturā1", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "accusative", "plural" ] }, { "form": "चतुरेण", "roman": "catureṇa", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "instrumental", "singular" ] }, { "form": "चतुराभ्याम्", "roman": "caturābhyām", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "dual", "instrumental" ] }, { "form": "चतुरैः", "roman": "caturaiḥ", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "instrumental", "plural" ] }, { "form": "चतुरेभिः1", "roman": "caturebhiḥ1", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "instrumental", "plural" ] }, { "form": "चतुराय", "roman": "caturāya", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "dative", "singular" ] }, { "form": "चतुराभ्याम्", "roman": "caturābhyām", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "dative", "dual" ] }, { "form": "चतुरेभ्यः", "roman": "caturebhyaḥ", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "dative", "plural" ] }, { "form": "चतुरात्", "roman": "caturāt", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "ablative", "singular" ] }, { "form": "चतुराभ्याम्", "roman": "caturābhyām", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "ablative", "dual" ] }, { "form": "चतुरेभ्यः", "roman": "caturebhyaḥ", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "ablative", "plural" ] }, { "form": "चतुरस्य", "roman": "caturasya", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "genitive", "singular" ] }, { "form": "चतुरयोः", "roman": "caturayoḥ", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "dual", "genitive" ] }, { "form": "चतुराणाम्", "roman": "caturāṇām", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "genitive", "plural" ] }, { "form": "चतुरे", "roman": "cature", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "locative", "singular" ] }, { "form": "चतुरयोः", "roman": "caturayoḥ", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "dual", "locative" ] }, { "form": "चतुरेषु", "roman": "catureṣu", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "locative", "plural" ] } ], "head_templates": [ { "args": { "1": "sa", "2": "adjective" }, "expansion": "चतुर • (catura)", "name": "head" } ], "inflection_templates": [ { "args": { "1": "चतुर", "2": "चतुरा", "3": "चतुर" }, "name": "sa-decl-adj-mfn" }, { "args": { "1": "चतुर", "abl_d": "", "abl_p": "", "abl_s": "", "acc_d": "", "acc_p": "", "acc_s": "", "ambig_final": "", "dat_d": "", "dat_p": "", "dat_s": "", "diaspirate": "", "gen_d": "", "gen_p": "", "gen_s": "", "ins_d": "", "ins_p": "", "ins_s": "", "loc_d": "", "loc_p": "", "loc_s": "", "nocat": "1", "nom_d": "", "nom_p": "", "nom_s": "", "note": "", "novedic": "", "participle": "", "r_stem_a": "ā", "sc": "Deva", "voc_d": "", "voc_p": "", "voc_s": "" }, "name": "sa-decl-noun-m" }, { "args": { "1": "चतुरा", "abl_d": "", "abl_p": "", "abl_s": "", "acc_d": "", "acc_p": "", "acc_s": "", "ambig_final": "", "dat_d": "", "dat_p": "", "dat_s": "", "diaspirate": "", "gen_d": "", "gen_p": "", "gen_s": "", "ins_d": "", "ins_p": "", "ins_s": "", "loc_d": "", "loc_p": "", "loc_s": "", "nocat": "1", "nom_d": "", "nom_p": "", "nom_s": "", "note": "", "novedic": "", "r_stem_a": "ā", "sc": "Deva", "voc_d": "", "voc_p": "", "voc_s": "" }, "name": "sa-decl-noun-f" }, { "args": { "1": "चतुर", "abl_d": "", "abl_p": "", "abl_s": "", "acc_d": "", "acc_p": "", "acc_s": "", "ambig_final": "", "dat_d": "", "dat_p": "", "dat_s": "", "diaspirate": "", "gen_d": "", "gen_p": "", "gen_s": "", "ins_d": "", "ins_p": "", "ins_s": "", "loc_d": "", "loc_p": "", "loc_s": "", "nocat": "1", "nom_d": "", "nom_p": "", "nom_s": "", "note": "", "novedic": "", "participle": "", "sc": "Deva", "voc_d": "", "voc_p": "", "voc_s": "" }, "name": "sa-decl-noun-n" } ], "lang": "Sanskrit", "lang_code": "sa", "pos": "adj", "senses": [ { "glosses": [ "dexterous, clever, ingenious, shrewd" ], "id": "en-चतुर-sa-adj-GMtgi1op", "links": [ [ "dexterous", "dexterous" ], [ "clever", "clever" ], [ "ingenious", "ingenious" ], [ "shrewd", "shrewd" ] ] }, { "glosses": [ "charming, agreeable" ], "id": "en-चतुर-sa-adj-B8JBVnMi", "links": [ [ "charming", "charming" ], [ "agreeable", "agreeable" ] ] } ], "sounds": [ { "ipa": "/t͡ɕɐ.tu.ɾɐ/", "tags": [ "Vedic" ] }, { "ipa": "/ˈt͡ɕɐ.t̪u.ɾɐ/", "tags": [ "Classical-Sanskrit" ] } ], "word": "चतुर" } { "etymology_templates": [ { "args": { "1": "sa", "2": "dra" }, "expansion": "Dravidian", "name": "bor" }, { "args": { "1": "ta", "2": "சதுர்", "t": "ability, skill, dexterity" }, "expansion": "Tamil சதுர் (catur, “ability, skill, dexterity”)", "name": "cog" }, { "args": { "1": "te", "2": "చదువు", "t": "to read, study" }, "expansion": "Telugu చదువు (caduvu, “to read, study”)", "name": "cog" } ], "etymology_text": "Of unclear origin.\nTraditionally derived from चतुर् (catur, “four”), with an interpretation of \"having the four\"; the four in question are folk-etymologically interpreted as the Vedas.\nAn alternative theory considers the word a Dravidian borrowing; compare Tamil சதுர் (catur, “ability, skill, dexterity”) and Telugu చదువు (caduvu, “to read, study”). In light of the exact phonetic and semantic match as well as the word's lack of attestation in Vedic, this derivation is quite likely. However, it is also possible that the Dravidian terms are borrowed from Indo-Aryan rather than the other way around.\nThe relation to words like चटुल (caṭula, “trembling, unsteady, fine”), चटु (caṭu, “kind or flattering words”), and चाटु (cāṭu, “pleasing words, flattery”) is unclear and uncertain.", "forms": [ { "form": "catura", "tags": [ "romanization" ] }, { "form": "no-table-tags", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "table-tags" ] }, { "form": "sa-decl-noun-m", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "inflection-template" ] }, { "form": "a-stem", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "class" ] }, { "form": "चतुरः", "roman": "caturaḥ", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "nominative", "singular" ] }, { "form": "चतुरौ", "roman": "caturau", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "dual", "nominative" ] }, { "form": "चतुरा1", "roman": "caturā1", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "dual", "nominative" ] }, { "form": "चतुराः", "roman": "caturāḥ", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "nominative", "plural" ] }, { "form": "चतुरासः1", "roman": "caturāsaḥ1", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "nominative", "plural" ] }, { "form": "चतुर", "roman": "catura", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "singular", "vocative" ] }, { "form": "चतुरौ", "roman": "caturau", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "dual", "vocative" ] }, { "form": "चतुरा1", "roman": "caturā1", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "dual", "vocative" ] }, { "form": "चतुराः", "roman": "caturāḥ", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "plural", "vocative" ] }, { "form": "चतुरासः1", "roman": "caturāsaḥ1", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "plural", "vocative" ] }, { "form": "चतुरम्", "roman": "caturam", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "accusative", "singular" ] }, { "form": "चतुरौ", "roman": "caturau", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "accusative", "dual" ] }, { "form": "चतुरा1", "roman": "caturā1", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "accusative", "dual" ] }, { "form": "चतुरान्", "roman": "caturān", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "accusative", "plural" ] }, { "form": "चतुरेण", "roman": "catureṇa", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "instrumental", "singular" ] }, { "form": "चतुराभ्याम्", "roman": "caturābhyām", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "dual", "instrumental" ] }, { "form": "चतुरैः", "roman": "caturaiḥ", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "instrumental", "plural" ] }, { "form": "चतुरेभिः1", "roman": "caturebhiḥ1", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "instrumental", "plural" ] }, { "form": "चतुराय", "roman": "caturāya", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "dative", "singular" ] }, { "form": "चतुराभ्याम्", "roman": "caturābhyām", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "dative", "dual" ] }, { "form": "चतुरेभ्यः", "roman": "caturebhyaḥ", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "dative", "plural" ] }, { "form": "चतुरात्", "roman": "caturāt", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "ablative", "singular" ] }, { "form": "चतुराभ्याम्", "roman": "caturābhyām", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "ablative", "dual" ] }, { "form": "चतुरेभ्यः", "roman": "caturebhyaḥ", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "ablative", "plural" ] }, { "form": "चतुरस्य", "roman": "caturasya", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "genitive", "singular" ] }, { "form": "चतुरयोः", "roman": "caturayoḥ", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "dual", "genitive" ] }, { "form": "चतुराणाम्", "roman": "caturāṇām", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "genitive", "plural" ] }, { "form": "चतुरे", "roman": "cature", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "locative", "singular" ] }, { "form": "चतुरयोः", "roman": "caturayoḥ", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "dual", "locative" ] }, { "form": "चतुरेषु", "roman": "catureṣu", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "locative", "plural" ] } ], "head_templates": [ { "args": { "g": "m" }, "expansion": "चतुर • (catura) stem, m", "name": "sa-noun" } ], "inflection_templates": [ { "args": {}, "name": "sa-decl-noun-m" } ], "lang": "Sanskrit", "lang_code": "sa", "pos": "noun", "senses": [ { "glosses": [ "a round pillow" ], "id": "en-चतुर-sa-noun-8DZVLqM1", "links": [ [ "round", "round" ], [ "pillow", "pillow" ] ] }, { "categories": [ { "_dis": "6 11 20 61 3", "kind": "other", "name": "Sanskrit entries with incorrect language header", "parents": [ "Entries with incorrect language header", "Entry maintenance" ], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "5 7 14 71 3", "kind": "other", "name": "Sanskrit entries with topic categories using raw markup", "parents": [ "Entries with topic categories using raw markup", "Entry maintenance" ], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "6 10 15 65 3", "kind": "other", "name": "Sanskrit terms with redundant transliterations", "parents": [ "Terms with redundant transliterations", "Entry maintenance" ], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "0 2 2 94 2", "kind": "lifeform", "langcode": "sa", "name": "Fish", "orig": "sa:Fish", "parents": [ "Vertebrates", "Chordates", "Animals", "Lifeforms", "All topics", "Life", "Fundamental", "Nature" ], "source": "w+disamb" } ], "glosses": [ "Labeo rohita, a fish of the carp family Cyprinidae, found in the Ganges river" ], "id": "en-चतुर-sa-noun-MJHWS~~v", "links": [ [ "fish", "fish" ], [ "carp", "carp" ], [ "Cyprinidae", "Cyprinidae#Translingual" ], [ "Ganges", "Ganges" ] ] } ], "sounds": [ { "ipa": "/t͡ɕɐ.tu.ɾɐ/", "tags": [ "Vedic" ] }, { "ipa": "/ˈt͡ɕɐ.t̪u.ɾɐ/", "tags": [ "Classical-Sanskrit" ] } ], "word": "चतुर" } { "descendants": [ { "depth": 1, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "hi", "2": "चतुर", "lbor": "1" }, "expansion": "→ Hindi: चतुर (catur) (learned)", "name": "desc" } ], "text": "→ Hindi: चतुर (catur) (learned)" }, { "depth": 1, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "pa", "2": "ਚਤਰ", "lbor": "1" }, "expansion": "→ Punjabi: ਚਤਰ (catar) (learned)", "name": "desc" } ], "text": "→ Punjabi: ਚਤਰ (catar) (learned)" }, { "depth": 1, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "te", "2": "చతుర", "bor": "1" }, "expansion": "→ Telugu: చతుర (catura)", "name": "desc" } ], "text": "→ Telugu: చతుర (catura)" } ], "etymology_templates": [ { "args": { "1": "sa", "2": "dra" }, "expansion": "Dravidian", "name": "bor" }, { "args": { "1": "ta", "2": "சதுர்", "t": "ability, skill, dexterity" }, "expansion": "Tamil சதுர் (catur, “ability, skill, dexterity”)", "name": "cog" }, { "args": { "1": "te", "2": "చదువు", "t": "to read, study" }, "expansion": "Telugu చదువు (caduvu, “to read, study”)", "name": "cog" } ], "etymology_text": "Of unclear origin.\nTraditionally derived from चतुर् (catur, “four”), with an interpretation of \"having the four\"; the four in question are folk-etymologically interpreted as the Vedas.\nAn alternative theory considers the word a Dravidian borrowing; compare Tamil சதுர் (catur, “ability, skill, dexterity”) and Telugu చదువు (caduvu, “to read, study”). In light of the exact phonetic and semantic match as well as the word's lack of attestation in Vedic, this derivation is quite likely. However, it is also possible that the Dravidian terms are borrowed from Indo-Aryan rather than the other way around.\nThe relation to words like चटुल (caṭula, “trembling, unsteady, fine”), चटु (caṭu, “kind or flattering words”), and चाटु (cāṭu, “pleasing words, flattery”) is unclear and uncertain.", "forms": [ { "form": "catura", "tags": [ "romanization" ] }, { "form": "no-table-tags", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "table-tags" ] }, { "form": "sa-decl-noun-n", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "inflection-template" ] }, { "form": "a-stem", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "class" ] }, { "form": "चतुरम्", "roman": "caturam", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "nominative", "singular" ] }, { "form": "चतुरे", "roman": "cature", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "dual", "nominative" ] }, { "form": "चतुराणि", "roman": "caturāṇi", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "nominative", "plural" ] }, { "form": "चतुरा1", "roman": "caturā1", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "nominative", "plural" ] }, { "form": "चतुर", "roman": "catura", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "singular", "vocative" ] }, { "form": "चतुरे", "roman": "cature", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "dual", "vocative" ] }, { "form": "चतुराणि", "roman": "caturāṇi", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "plural", "vocative" ] }, { "form": "चतुरा1", "roman": "caturā1", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "plural", "vocative" ] }, { "form": "चतुरम्", "roman": "caturam", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "accusative", "singular" ] }, { "form": "चतुरे", "roman": "cature", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "accusative", "dual" ] }, { "form": "चतुराणि", "roman": "caturāṇi", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "accusative", "plural" ] }, { "form": "चतुरा1", "roman": "caturā1", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "accusative", "plural" ] }, { "form": "चतुरेण", "roman": "catureṇa", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "instrumental", "singular" ] }, { "form": "चतुराभ्याम्", "roman": "caturābhyām", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "dual", "instrumental" ] }, { "form": "चतुरैः", "roman": "caturaiḥ", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "instrumental", "plural" ] }, { "form": "चतुरेभिः1", "roman": "caturebhiḥ1", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "instrumental", "plural" ] }, { "form": "चतुराय", "roman": "caturāya", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "dative", "singular" ] }, { "form": "चतुराभ्याम्", "roman": "caturābhyām", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "dative", "dual" ] }, { "form": "चतुरेभ्यः", "roman": "caturebhyaḥ", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "dative", "plural" ] }, { "form": "चतुरात्", "roman": "caturāt", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "ablative", "singular" ] }, { "form": "चतुराभ्याम्", "roman": "caturābhyām", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "ablative", "dual" ] }, { "form": "चतुरेभ्यः", "roman": "caturebhyaḥ", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "ablative", "plural" ] }, { "form": "चतुरस्य", "roman": "caturasya", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "genitive", "singular" ] }, { "form": "चतुरयोः", "roman": "caturayoḥ", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "dual", "genitive" ] }, { "form": "चतुराणाम्", "roman": "caturāṇām", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "genitive", "plural" ] }, { "form": "चतुरे", "roman": "cature", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "locative", "singular" ] }, { "form": "चतुरयोः", "roman": "caturayoḥ", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "dual", "locative" ] }, { "form": "चतुरेषु", "roman": "catureṣu", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "locative", "plural" ] } ], "head_templates": [ { "args": { "g": "n" }, "expansion": "चतुर • (catura) stem, n", "name": "sa-noun" } ], "inflection_templates": [ { "args": {}, "name": "sa-decl-noun-n" } ], "lang": "Sanskrit", "lang_code": "sa", "pos": "noun", "senses": [ { "derived": [ { "roman": "cāturya", "word": "चातुर्य" } ], "glosses": [ "an elephant's stable" ], "id": "en-चतुर-sa-noun-JWKyQcaC", "links": [ [ "elephant", "elephant" ], [ "stable", "stable" ] ] } ], "sounds": [ { "ipa": "/t͡ɕɐ.tu.ɾɐ/", "tags": [ "Vedic" ] }, { "ipa": "/ˈt͡ɕɐ.t̪u.ɾɐ/", "tags": [ "Classical-Sanskrit" ] } ], "word": "चतुर" }
{ "categories": [ "Hindi adjectives", "Hindi entries with incorrect language header", "Hindi indeclinable adjectives", "Hindi lemmas", "Hindi terms borrowed from Sanskrit", "Hindi terms derived from Sanskrit", "Hindi terms with IPA pronunciation", "sa:Fish" ], "derived": [ { "roman": "caturāī", "word": "चतुराई" } ], "etymology_templates": [ { "args": { "1": "hi", "2": "sa", "3": "चतुर" }, "expansion": "Borrowed from Sanskrit चतुर (catura)", "name": "bor+" } ], "etymology_text": "Borrowed from Sanskrit चतुर (catura).", "forms": [ { "form": "catur", "tags": [ "romanization" ] } ], "head_templates": [ { "args": { "ind": "1" }, "expansion": "चतुर • (catur) (indeclinable)", "name": "hi-adj" } ], "lang": "Hindi", "lang_code": "hi", "pos": "adj", "senses": [ { "glosses": [ "smart" ], "links": [ [ "smart", "smart" ] ], "tags": [ "indeclinable" ] }, { "glosses": [ "shrewd, intelligent" ], "links": [ [ "shrewd", "shrewd" ], [ "intelligent", "intelligent" ] ], "tags": [ "indeclinable" ] }, { "glosses": [ "clever, astute, sensible" ], "links": [ [ "clever", "clever" ], [ "astute", "astute" ], [ "sensible", "sensible" ] ], "tags": [ "indeclinable" ] }, { "glosses": [ "ingenious, skilled, capable" ], "links": [ [ "ingenious", "ingenious" ], [ "skilled", "skilled" ], [ "capable", "capable" ] ], "tags": [ "indeclinable" ] }, { "glosses": [ "dexterous, nimble" ], "links": [ [ "dexterous", "dexterous" ], [ "nimble", "nimble" ] ], "tags": [ "indeclinable" ] }, { "glosses": [ "clear-sighted" ], "links": [ [ "clear-sighted", "clear-sighted" ] ], "tags": [ "indeclinable" ] } ], "sounds": [ { "ipa": "/t͡ʃə.t̪ʊɾ/", "tags": [ "Delhi" ] }, { "ipa": "[t͡ʃɐ.t̪ʊɾ]", "tags": [ "Delhi" ] } ], "word": "चतुर" } { "categories": [ "Sanskrit a-stem nouns", "Sanskrit adjectives", "Sanskrit entries with incorrect language header", "Sanskrit entries with topic categories using raw markup", "Sanskrit lemmas", "Sanskrit masculine nouns", "Sanskrit neuter nouns", "Sanskrit nouns", "Sanskrit nouns in Devanagari script", "Sanskrit terms borrowed from Dravidian languages", "Sanskrit terms derived from Dravidian languages", "Sanskrit terms with IPA pronunciation", "Sanskrit terms with redundant transliterations", "sa:Fish" ], "etymology_templates": [ { "args": { "1": "sa", "2": "dra" }, "expansion": "Dravidian", "name": "bor" }, { "args": { "1": "ta", "2": "சதுர்", "t": "ability, skill, dexterity" }, "expansion": "Tamil சதுர் (catur, “ability, skill, dexterity”)", "name": "cog" }, { "args": { "1": "te", "2": "చదువు", "t": "to read, study" }, "expansion": "Telugu చదువు (caduvu, “to read, study”)", "name": "cog" } ], "etymology_text": "Of unclear origin.\nTraditionally derived from चतुर् (catur, “four”), with an interpretation of \"having the four\"; the four in question are folk-etymologically interpreted as the Vedas.\nAn alternative theory considers the word a Dravidian borrowing; compare Tamil சதுர் (catur, “ability, skill, dexterity”) and Telugu చదువు (caduvu, “to read, study”). In light of the exact phonetic and semantic match as well as the word's lack of attestation in Vedic, this derivation is quite likely. However, it is also possible that the Dravidian terms are borrowed from Indo-Aryan rather than the other way around.\nThe relation to words like चटुल (caṭula, “trembling, unsteady, fine”), चटु (caṭu, “kind or flattering words”), and चाटु (cāṭu, “pleasing words, flattery”) is unclear and uncertain.", "forms": [ { "form": "catura", "tags": [ "romanization" ] }, { "form": "no-table-tags", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "table-tags" ] }, { "form": "sa-decl-adj-mfn", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "inflection-template" ] }, { "form": "a-stem", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "class" ] }, { "form": "चतुरः", "roman": "caturaḥ", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "nominative", "singular" ] }, { "form": "चतुरौ", "roman": "caturau", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "dual", "nominative" ] }, { "form": "चतुरा1", "roman": "caturā1", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "dual", "nominative" ] }, { "form": "चतुराः", "roman": "caturāḥ", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "nominative", "plural" ] }, { "form": "चतुरासः1", "roman": "caturāsaḥ1", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "nominative", "plural" ] }, { "form": "चतुर", "roman": "catura", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "singular", "vocative" ] }, { "form": "चतुरौ", "roman": "caturau", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "dual", "vocative" ] }, { "form": "चतुरा1", "roman": "caturā1", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "dual", "vocative" ] }, { "form": "चतुराः", "roman": "caturāḥ", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "plural", "vocative" ] }, { "form": "चतुरासः1", "roman": "caturāsaḥ1", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "plural", "vocative" ] }, { "form": "चतुरम्", "roman": "caturam", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "accusative", "singular" ] }, { "form": "चतुरौ", "roman": "caturau", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "accusative", "dual" ] }, { "form": "चतुरा1", "roman": "caturā1", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "accusative", "dual" ] }, { "form": "चतुरान्", "roman": "caturān", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "accusative", "plural" ] }, { "form": "चतुरेण", "roman": "catureṇa", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "instrumental", "singular" ] }, { "form": "चतुराभ्याम्", "roman": "caturābhyām", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "dual", "instrumental" ] }, { "form": "चतुरैः", "roman": "caturaiḥ", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "instrumental", "plural" ] }, { "form": "चतुरेभिः1", "roman": "caturebhiḥ1", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "instrumental", "plural" ] }, { "form": "चतुराय", "roman": "caturāya", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "dative", "singular" ] }, { "form": "चतुराभ्याम्", "roman": "caturābhyām", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "dative", "dual" ] }, { "form": "चतुरेभ्यः", "roman": "caturebhyaḥ", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "dative", "plural" ] }, { "form": "चतुरात्", "roman": "caturāt", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "ablative", "singular" ] }, { "form": "चतुराभ्याम्", "roman": "caturābhyām", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "ablative", "dual" ] }, { "form": "चतुरेभ्यः", "roman": "caturebhyaḥ", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "ablative", "plural" ] }, { "form": "चतुरस्य", "roman": "caturasya", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "genitive", "singular" ] }, { "form": "चतुरयोः", "roman": "caturayoḥ", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "dual", "genitive" ] }, { "form": "चतुराणाम्", "roman": "caturāṇām", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "genitive", "plural" ] }, { "form": "चतुरे", "roman": "cature", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "locative", "singular" ] }, { "form": "चतुरयोः", "roman": "caturayoḥ", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "dual", "locative" ] }, { "form": "चतुरेषु", "roman": "catureṣu", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "locative", "plural" ] }, { "form": "no-table-tags", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "table-tags" ] }, { "form": "sa-decl-adj-mfn", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "inflection-template" ] }, { "form": "ā-stem", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "class" ] }, { "form": "चतुरा", "roman": "caturā", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "nominative", "singular" ] }, { "form": "चतुरे", "roman": "cature", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "dual", "nominative" ] }, { "form": "चतुराः", "roman": "caturāḥ", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "nominative", "plural" ] }, { "form": "चतुरे", "roman": "cature", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "singular", "vocative" ] }, { "form": "चतुरे", "roman": "cature", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "dual", "vocative" ] }, { "form": "चतुराः", "roman": "caturāḥ", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "plural", "vocative" ] }, { "form": "चतुराम्", "roman": "caturām", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "accusative", "singular" ] }, { "form": "चतुरे", "roman": "cature", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "accusative", "dual" ] }, { "form": "चतुराः", "roman": "caturāḥ", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "accusative", "plural" ] }, { "form": "चतुरया", "roman": "caturayā", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "instrumental", "singular" ] }, { "form": "चतुरा1", "roman": "caturā1", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "instrumental", "singular" ] }, { "form": "चतुराभ्याम्", "roman": "caturābhyām", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "dual", "instrumental" ] }, { "form": "चतुराभिः", "roman": "caturābhiḥ", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "instrumental", "plural" ] }, { "form": "चतुरायै", "roman": "caturāyai", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "dative", "singular" ] }, { "form": "चतुराभ्याम्", "roman": "caturābhyām", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "dative", "dual" ] }, { "form": "चतुराभ्यः", "roman": "caturābhyaḥ", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "dative", "plural" ] }, { "form": "चतुरायाः", "roman": "caturāyāḥ", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "ablative", "singular" ] }, { "form": "चतुरायै2", "roman": "caturāyai2", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "ablative", "singular" ] }, { "form": "चतुराभ्याम्", "roman": "caturābhyām", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "ablative", "dual" ] }, { "form": "चतुराभ्यः", "roman": "caturābhyaḥ", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "ablative", "plural" ] }, { "form": "चतुरायाः", "roman": "caturāyāḥ", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "genitive", "singular" ] }, { "form": "चतुरायै2", "roman": "caturāyai2", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "genitive", "singular" ] }, { "form": "चतुरयोः", "roman": "caturayoḥ", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "dual", "genitive" ] }, { "form": "चतुराणाम्", "roman": "caturāṇām", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "genitive", "plural" ] }, { "form": "चतुरायाम्", "roman": "caturāyām", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "locative", "singular" ] }, { "form": "चतुरयोः", "roman": "caturayoḥ", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "dual", "locative" ] }, { "form": "चतुरासु", "roman": "caturāsu", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "locative", "plural" ] }, { "form": "no-table-tags", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "table-tags" ] }, { "form": "sa-decl-adj-mfn", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "inflection-template" ] }, { "form": "a-stem", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "class" ] }, { "form": "चतुरम्", "roman": "caturam", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "nominative", "singular" ] }, { "form": "चतुरे", "roman": "cature", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "dual", "nominative" ] }, { "form": "चतुराणि", "roman": "caturāṇi", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "nominative", "plural" ] }, { "form": "चतुरा1", "roman": "caturā1", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "nominative", "plural" ] }, { "form": "चतुर", "roman": "catura", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "singular", "vocative" ] }, { "form": "चतुरे", "roman": "cature", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "dual", "vocative" ] }, { "form": "चतुराणि", "roman": "caturāṇi", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "plural", "vocative" ] }, { "form": "चतुरा1", "roman": "caturā1", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "plural", "vocative" ] }, { "form": "चतुरम्", "roman": "caturam", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "accusative", "singular" ] }, { "form": "चतुरे", "roman": "cature", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "accusative", "dual" ] }, { "form": "चतुराणि", "roman": "caturāṇi", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "accusative", "plural" ] }, { "form": "चतुरा1", "roman": "caturā1", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "accusative", "plural" ] }, { "form": "चतुरेण", "roman": "catureṇa", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "instrumental", "singular" ] }, { "form": "चतुराभ्याम्", "roman": "caturābhyām", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "dual", "instrumental" ] }, { "form": "चतुरैः", "roman": "caturaiḥ", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "instrumental", "plural" ] }, { "form": "चतुरेभिः1", "roman": "caturebhiḥ1", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "instrumental", "plural" ] }, { "form": "चतुराय", "roman": "caturāya", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "dative", "singular" ] }, { "form": "चतुराभ्याम्", "roman": "caturābhyām", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "dative", "dual" ] }, { "form": "चतुरेभ्यः", "roman": "caturebhyaḥ", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "dative", "plural" ] }, { "form": "चतुरात्", "roman": "caturāt", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "ablative", "singular" ] }, { "form": "चतुराभ्याम्", "roman": "caturābhyām", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "ablative", "dual" ] }, { "form": "चतुरेभ्यः", "roman": "caturebhyaḥ", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "ablative", "plural" ] }, { "form": "चतुरस्य", "roman": "caturasya", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "genitive", "singular" ] }, { "form": "चतुरयोः", "roman": "caturayoḥ", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "dual", "genitive" ] }, { "form": "चतुराणाम्", "roman": "caturāṇām", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "genitive", "plural" ] }, { "form": "चतुरे", "roman": "cature", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "locative", "singular" ] }, { "form": "चतुरयोः", "roman": "caturayoḥ", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "dual", "locative" ] }, { "form": "चतुरेषु", "roman": "catureṣu", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "locative", "plural" ] } ], "head_templates": [ { "args": { "1": "sa", "2": "adjective" }, "expansion": "चतुर • (catura)", "name": "head" } ], "inflection_templates": [ { "args": { "1": "चतुर", "2": "चतुरा", "3": "चतुर" }, "name": "sa-decl-adj-mfn" }, { "args": { "1": "चतुर", "abl_d": "", "abl_p": "", "abl_s": "", "acc_d": "", "acc_p": "", "acc_s": "", "ambig_final": "", "dat_d": "", "dat_p": "", "dat_s": "", "diaspirate": "", "gen_d": "", "gen_p": "", "gen_s": "", "ins_d": "", "ins_p": "", "ins_s": "", "loc_d": "", "loc_p": "", "loc_s": "", "nocat": "1", "nom_d": "", "nom_p": "", "nom_s": "", "note": "", "novedic": "", "participle": "", "r_stem_a": "ā", "sc": "Deva", "voc_d": "", "voc_p": "", "voc_s": "" }, "name": "sa-decl-noun-m" }, { "args": { "1": "चतुरा", "abl_d": "", "abl_p": "", "abl_s": "", "acc_d": "", "acc_p": "", "acc_s": "", "ambig_final": "", "dat_d": "", "dat_p": "", "dat_s": "", "diaspirate": "", "gen_d": "", "gen_p": "", "gen_s": "", "ins_d": "", "ins_p": "", "ins_s": "", "loc_d": "", "loc_p": "", "loc_s": "", "nocat": "1", "nom_d": "", "nom_p": "", "nom_s": "", "note": "", "novedic": "", "r_stem_a": "ā", "sc": "Deva", "voc_d": "", "voc_p": "", "voc_s": "" }, "name": "sa-decl-noun-f" }, { "args": { "1": "चतुर", "abl_d": "", "abl_p": "", "abl_s": "", "acc_d": "", "acc_p": "", "acc_s": "", "ambig_final": "", "dat_d": "", "dat_p": "", "dat_s": "", "diaspirate": "", "gen_d": "", "gen_p": "", "gen_s": "", "ins_d": "", "ins_p": "", "ins_s": "", "loc_d": "", "loc_p": "", "loc_s": "", "nocat": "1", "nom_d": "", "nom_p": "", "nom_s": "", "note": "", "novedic": "", "participle": "", "sc": "Deva", "voc_d": "", "voc_p": "", "voc_s": "" }, "name": "sa-decl-noun-n" } ], "lang": "Sanskrit", "lang_code": "sa", "pos": "adj", "senses": [ { "glosses": [ "dexterous, clever, ingenious, shrewd" ], "links": [ [ "dexterous", "dexterous" ], [ "clever", "clever" ], [ "ingenious", "ingenious" ], [ "shrewd", "shrewd" ] ] }, { "glosses": [ "charming, agreeable" ], "links": [ [ "charming", "charming" ], [ "agreeable", "agreeable" ] ] } ], "sounds": [ { "ipa": "/t͡ɕɐ.tu.ɾɐ/", "tags": [ "Vedic" ] }, { "ipa": "/ˈt͡ɕɐ.t̪u.ɾɐ/", "tags": [ "Classical-Sanskrit" ] } ], "word": "चतुर" } { "categories": [ "Sanskrit a-stem nouns", "Sanskrit adjectives", "Sanskrit entries with incorrect language header", "Sanskrit entries with topic categories using raw markup", "Sanskrit lemmas", "Sanskrit masculine nouns", "Sanskrit neuter nouns", "Sanskrit nouns", "Sanskrit nouns in Devanagari script", "Sanskrit terms borrowed from Dravidian languages", "Sanskrit terms derived from Dravidian languages", "Sanskrit terms with IPA pronunciation", "Sanskrit terms with redundant transliterations", "sa:Fish" ], "etymology_templates": [ { "args": { "1": "sa", "2": "dra" }, "expansion": "Dravidian", "name": "bor" }, { "args": { "1": "ta", "2": "சதுர்", "t": "ability, skill, dexterity" }, "expansion": "Tamil சதுர் (catur, “ability, skill, dexterity”)", "name": "cog" }, { "args": { "1": "te", "2": "చదువు", "t": "to read, study" }, "expansion": "Telugu చదువు (caduvu, “to read, study”)", "name": "cog" } ], "etymology_text": "Of unclear origin.\nTraditionally derived from चतुर् (catur, “four”), with an interpretation of \"having the four\"; the four in question are folk-etymologically interpreted as the Vedas.\nAn alternative theory considers the word a Dravidian borrowing; compare Tamil சதுர் (catur, “ability, skill, dexterity”) and Telugu చదువు (caduvu, “to read, study”). In light of the exact phonetic and semantic match as well as the word's lack of attestation in Vedic, this derivation is quite likely. However, it is also possible that the Dravidian terms are borrowed from Indo-Aryan rather than the other way around.\nThe relation to words like चटुल (caṭula, “trembling, unsteady, fine”), चटु (caṭu, “kind or flattering words”), and चाटु (cāṭu, “pleasing words, flattery”) is unclear and uncertain.", "forms": [ { "form": "catura", "tags": [ "romanization" ] }, { "form": "no-table-tags", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "table-tags" ] }, { "form": "sa-decl-noun-m", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "inflection-template" ] }, { "form": "a-stem", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "class" ] }, { "form": "चतुरः", "roman": "caturaḥ", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "nominative", "singular" ] }, { "form": "चतुरौ", "roman": "caturau", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "dual", "nominative" ] }, { "form": "चतुरा1", "roman": "caturā1", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "dual", "nominative" ] }, { "form": "चतुराः", "roman": "caturāḥ", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "nominative", "plural" ] }, { "form": "चतुरासः1", "roman": "caturāsaḥ1", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "nominative", "plural" ] }, { "form": "चतुर", "roman": "catura", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "singular", "vocative" ] }, { "form": "चतुरौ", "roman": "caturau", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "dual", "vocative" ] }, { "form": "चतुरा1", "roman": "caturā1", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "dual", "vocative" ] }, { "form": "चतुराः", "roman": "caturāḥ", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "plural", "vocative" ] }, { "form": "चतुरासः1", "roman": "caturāsaḥ1", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "plural", "vocative" ] }, { "form": "चतुरम्", "roman": "caturam", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "accusative", "singular" ] }, { "form": "चतुरौ", "roman": "caturau", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "accusative", "dual" ] }, { "form": "चतुरा1", "roman": "caturā1", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "accusative", "dual" ] }, { "form": "चतुरान्", "roman": "caturān", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "accusative", "plural" ] }, { "form": "चतुरेण", "roman": "catureṇa", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "instrumental", "singular" ] }, { "form": "चतुराभ्याम्", "roman": "caturābhyām", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "dual", "instrumental" ] }, { "form": "चतुरैः", "roman": "caturaiḥ", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "instrumental", "plural" ] }, { "form": "चतुरेभिः1", "roman": "caturebhiḥ1", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "instrumental", "plural" ] }, { "form": "चतुराय", "roman": "caturāya", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "dative", "singular" ] }, { "form": "चतुराभ्याम्", "roman": "caturābhyām", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "dative", "dual" ] }, { "form": "चतुरेभ्यः", "roman": "caturebhyaḥ", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "dative", "plural" ] }, { "form": "चतुरात्", "roman": "caturāt", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "ablative", "singular" ] }, { "form": "चतुराभ्याम्", "roman": "caturābhyām", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "ablative", "dual" ] }, { "form": "चतुरेभ्यः", "roman": "caturebhyaḥ", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "ablative", "plural" ] }, { "form": "चतुरस्य", "roman": "caturasya", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "genitive", "singular" ] }, { "form": "चतुरयोः", "roman": "caturayoḥ", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "dual", "genitive" ] }, { "form": "चतुराणाम्", "roman": "caturāṇām", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "genitive", "plural" ] }, { "form": "चतुरे", "roman": "cature", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "locative", "singular" ] }, { "form": "चतुरयोः", "roman": "caturayoḥ", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "dual", "locative" ] }, { "form": "चतुरेषु", "roman": "catureṣu", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "locative", "plural" ] } ], "head_templates": [ { "args": { "g": "m" }, "expansion": "चतुर • (catura) stem, m", "name": "sa-noun" } ], "inflection_templates": [ { "args": {}, "name": "sa-decl-noun-m" } ], "lang": "Sanskrit", "lang_code": "sa", "pos": "noun", "senses": [ { "glosses": [ "a round pillow" ], "links": [ [ "round", "round" ], [ "pillow", "pillow" ] ] }, { "categories": [ "Entries using missing taxonomic name (species)" ], "glosses": [ "Labeo rohita, a fish of the carp family Cyprinidae, found in the Ganges river" ], "links": [ [ "fish", "fish" ], [ "carp", "carp" ], [ "Cyprinidae", "Cyprinidae#Translingual" ], [ "Ganges", "Ganges" ] ] } ], "sounds": [ { "ipa": "/t͡ɕɐ.tu.ɾɐ/", "tags": [ "Vedic" ] }, { "ipa": "/ˈt͡ɕɐ.t̪u.ɾɐ/", "tags": [ "Classical-Sanskrit" ] } ], "word": "चतुर" } { "categories": [ "Sanskrit a-stem nouns", "Sanskrit adjectives", "Sanskrit entries with incorrect language header", "Sanskrit entries with topic categories using raw markup", "Sanskrit lemmas", "Sanskrit masculine nouns", "Sanskrit neuter nouns", "Sanskrit nouns", "Sanskrit nouns in Devanagari script", "Sanskrit terms borrowed from Dravidian languages", "Sanskrit terms derived from Dravidian languages", "Sanskrit terms with IPA pronunciation", "Sanskrit terms with redundant transliterations", "sa:Fish" ], "derived": [ { "roman": "cāturya", "word": "चातुर्य" } ], "descendants": [ { "depth": 1, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "hi", "2": "चतुर", "lbor": "1" }, "expansion": "→ Hindi: चतुर (catur) (learned)", "name": "desc" } ], "text": "→ Hindi: चतुर (catur) (learned)" }, { "depth": 1, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "pa", "2": "ਚਤਰ", "lbor": "1" }, "expansion": "→ Punjabi: ਚਤਰ (catar) (learned)", "name": "desc" } ], "text": "→ Punjabi: ਚਤਰ (catar) (learned)" }, { "depth": 1, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "te", "2": "చతుర", "bor": "1" }, "expansion": "→ Telugu: చతుర (catura)", "name": "desc" } ], "text": "→ Telugu: చతుర (catura)" } ], "etymology_templates": [ { "args": { "1": "sa", "2": "dra" }, "expansion": "Dravidian", "name": "bor" }, { "args": { "1": "ta", "2": "சதுர்", "t": "ability, skill, dexterity" }, "expansion": "Tamil சதுர் (catur, “ability, skill, dexterity”)", "name": "cog" }, { "args": { "1": "te", "2": "చదువు", "t": "to read, study" }, "expansion": "Telugu చదువు (caduvu, “to read, study”)", "name": "cog" } ], "etymology_text": "Of unclear origin.\nTraditionally derived from चतुर् (catur, “four”), with an interpretation of \"having the four\"; the four in question are folk-etymologically interpreted as the Vedas.\nAn alternative theory considers the word a Dravidian borrowing; compare Tamil சதுர் (catur, “ability, skill, dexterity”) and Telugu చదువు (caduvu, “to read, study”). In light of the exact phonetic and semantic match as well as the word's lack of attestation in Vedic, this derivation is quite likely. However, it is also possible that the Dravidian terms are borrowed from Indo-Aryan rather than the other way around.\nThe relation to words like चटुल (caṭula, “trembling, unsteady, fine”), चटु (caṭu, “kind or flattering words”), and चाटु (cāṭu, “pleasing words, flattery”) is unclear and uncertain.", "forms": [ { "form": "catura", "tags": [ "romanization" ] }, { "form": "no-table-tags", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "table-tags" ] }, { "form": "sa-decl-noun-n", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "inflection-template" ] }, { "form": "a-stem", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "class" ] }, { "form": "चतुरम्", "roman": "caturam", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "nominative", "singular" ] }, { "form": "चतुरे", "roman": "cature", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "dual", "nominative" ] }, { "form": "चतुराणि", "roman": "caturāṇi", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "nominative", "plural" ] }, { "form": "चतुरा1", "roman": "caturā1", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "nominative", "plural" ] }, { "form": "चतुर", "roman": "catura", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "singular", "vocative" ] }, { "form": "चतुरे", "roman": "cature", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "dual", "vocative" ] }, { "form": "चतुराणि", "roman": "caturāṇi", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "plural", "vocative" ] }, { "form": "चतुरा1", "roman": "caturā1", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "plural", "vocative" ] }, { "form": "चतुरम्", "roman": "caturam", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "accusative", "singular" ] }, { "form": "चतुरे", "roman": "cature", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "accusative", "dual" ] }, { "form": "चतुराणि", "roman": "caturāṇi", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "accusative", "plural" ] }, { "form": "चतुरा1", "roman": "caturā1", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "accusative", "plural" ] }, { "form": "चतुरेण", "roman": "catureṇa", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "instrumental", "singular" ] }, { "form": "चतुराभ्याम्", "roman": "caturābhyām", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "dual", "instrumental" ] }, { "form": "चतुरैः", "roman": "caturaiḥ", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "instrumental", "plural" ] }, { "form": "चतुरेभिः1", "roman": "caturebhiḥ1", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "instrumental", "plural" ] }, { "form": "चतुराय", "roman": "caturāya", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "dative", "singular" ] }, { "form": "चतुराभ्याम्", "roman": "caturābhyām", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "dative", "dual" ] }, { "form": "चतुरेभ्यः", "roman": "caturebhyaḥ", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "dative", "plural" ] }, { "form": "चतुरात्", "roman": "caturāt", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "ablative", "singular" ] }, { "form": "चतुराभ्याम्", "roman": "caturābhyām", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "ablative", "dual" ] }, { "form": "चतुरेभ्यः", "roman": "caturebhyaḥ", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "ablative", "plural" ] }, { "form": "चतुरस्य", "roman": "caturasya", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "genitive", "singular" ] }, { "form": "चतुरयोः", "roman": "caturayoḥ", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "dual", "genitive" ] }, { "form": "चतुराणाम्", "roman": "caturāṇām", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "genitive", "plural" ] }, { "form": "चतुरे", "roman": "cature", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "locative", "singular" ] }, { "form": "चतुरयोः", "roman": "caturayoḥ", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "dual", "locative" ] }, { "form": "चतुरेषु", "roman": "catureṣu", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "locative", "plural" ] } ], "head_templates": [ { "args": { "g": "n" }, "expansion": "चतुर • (catura) stem, n", "name": "sa-noun" } ], "inflection_templates": [ { "args": {}, "name": "sa-decl-noun-n" } ], "lang": "Sanskrit", "lang_code": "sa", "pos": "noun", "senses": [ { "glosses": [ "an elephant's stable" ], "links": [ [ "elephant", "elephant" ], [ "stable", "stable" ] ] } ], "sounds": [ { "ipa": "/t͡ɕɐ.tu.ɾɐ/", "tags": [ "Vedic" ] }, { "ipa": "/ˈt͡ɕɐ.t̪u.ɾɐ/", "tags": [ "Classical-Sanskrit" ] } ], "word": "चतुर" }
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This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-06-23 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-06-20 using wiktextract (1b9bfc5 and 0136956). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.